Plastic Surgery in Singapore: Attain Your True Potential

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What is Plastic Surgery?

Plastic surgery is a medical specialty that involves the restoration, reconstruction, or alteration of the human face or body. In Singapore, it’s estimated that 1 in 10 people has ever had plastic surgery, and almost half the population is considering it. In this article, we’ll explore the world of plastic surgery, discussing its benefits, various procedures, and ethical considerations. Join us to discover how plastic surgery can empower you to transform your life, inside and out.

Types of Plastic Surgery

From augmenting body contours to refining facial features, our practice not only focuses on enhancing aesthetic appeal but also ensures functional restoration and personal comfort. Below, we cover the different types of plastic surgery briefly.

Breast Surgery

Breast surgery at Covette Clinic is not only about aesthetic enhancement but also about improving comfort and restoring confidence. Our procedures are tailored to meet the individual needs of each patient, providing results that align with their body image and personal goals.

1. Breast Implants:

Focus: Offering a variety of implant options to achieve desired breast contour and feel, ensuring natural and lasting results.

2. Breast Fat Grafting:

Focus: Enhancing breast size and shape using the patient’s own fat, transferred from other body areas. This procedure offers a natural alternative to implants, aiming for modest augmentation and improving breast contours.

3. Breast Lift (Mastopexy):

Focus: Lifting and reshaping sagging breasts to achieve a more youthful and uplifted breast contour. This surgery can also reduce the size of the areola and reposition it higher on the breast.

4. Breast Reduction Surgery:

Focus: Reducing breast size to alleviate discomfort from overly large breasts, improving posture, and enhancing overall body proportion.

Each procedure is performed using advanced techniques that minimise scarring and optimise recovery time, ensuring patient satisfaction and the highest standard of care.

Body Contouring

Body contouring at Covette Clinic offers a path to redefine your body silhouette and enhance your physical appearance. Our treatments are designed to sculpt, tighten, and reshape the body, adapting to the specific needs of each patient.

1. Liposuction:

Focus: Removing stubborn fat deposits from targeted areas, sculpting the body to achieve a more defined and contoured shape.

2. Tummy Tuck:

Focus: Removing excess fat and skin from the abdominal area, and restoring weakened or separated muscles to create a smoother, firmer abdominal profile. Often sought after pregnancy or significant weight loss.

3. Male Breast Reduction (Gynecomastia Surgery):

Focus: Addressing gynecomastia, a condition of enlarged or overdeveloped breasts in men. This surgery involves removing excess fat, glandular tissue, and skin to achieve a more masculine chest contour.

Our body contouring procedures are especially beneficial for patients recovering from significant weight loss, helping to remove excess skin and enhance mobility. We provide personalised treatment plans, ensuring that each patient’s journey to body confidence is supported, safe, and effective.

Face Surgery

At Covette Clinic, our facial plastic surgery services offer a comprehensive suite of treatments, each designed to enhance and rejuvenate your unique facial features. We categorise our treatments to provide targeted solutions for various aesthetic desires:

Face Lift:

Focus: Reducing visible signs of ageing in the face and neck. This procedure tightens underlying muscles, removes excess fat, and re-drapes the skin of the face and neck to create a more youthful appearance.

Neck Lift:

Focus: Addressing signs of ageing in the jawline and neck. The procedure involves removing excess skin, tightening underlying muscles, and possibly correcting a turkey wattle or double chin, for a smoother, more defined neck and jawline.

Asian Rhinoplasty:

Focus: Tailoring rhinoplasty techniques to the unique aesthetic and structural characteristics of the Asian nose. This often involves enhancing nasal bridge height, refining the nasal tip, and considering overall facial harmony while preserving ethnic identity.

Eye Surgery

The eyes are the windows to a person’s soul. Several eye-related aesthetic treatments are available, each with its unique focus and methodology. These treatments, often sought for both cosmetic and medical reasons, address specific concerns around the eye area. Corvette Clinic offers three common types of eye-related treatments: Eyebag Removal, Double Eyelid Creation, and Ptosis Correction.

Eyebag Removal:

Focus: This treatment is primarily aimed at addressing the issue of bags under the eyes, which can be a cosmetic concern for many individuals. The procedure typically involves the removal or repositioning of fat, as well as the elimination of excess skin and muscle from the lower eyelid area. The focus is on rejuvenating the under-eye area, aiming to give a more rested and youthful appearance.

Double Eyelid Surgery (Blepharoplasty):

Focus: This procedure is particularly popular in East Asian cosmetic surgery, where it’s performed to create a crease in the upper eyelid. The focus is on enhancing the aesthetic appeal of the eyes by creating a defined eyelid crease, which can make the eyes appear larger and more open. The procedure may also involve removing excess skin, fat, or muscle to achieve the desired eyelid shape.

Ptosis Correction:

Focus: Specifically designed to address drooping eyelids (ptosis), this surgical procedure has both a functional and cosmetic focus. Functionally, it improves vision that may be impaired by a sagging eyelid. Cosmetically, it aims to achieve a more symmetrical and appealing look for the eyes. The surgery often involves tightening the levator muscle that is responsible for lifting the eyelid.

Plastic Surgery Procedure

Before the Procedure

1. Consultation:

Discuss your aesthetic goals, concerns, and expectations.
Review before-and-after photos of previous patients.

2. Medical Evaluation:

Complete a comprehensive medical check-up.
Discuss medical history, current medications, and allergies.

3. Preparation:

Follow dietary and medication guidelines from your surgeon.
Arrange for post-surgery transportation and home assistance.

4. Financial Planning:

Understand the full cost, including all associated fees.
Explore financing options or payment plans if necessary.

5. Techniques and Innovations:

Be aware of the latest surgical techniques and their benefits.

During the Procedure

1. Anaesthesia:

Receive appropriate anaesthesia administered by certified professionals.
Continuous monitoring of your anaesthesia during the procedure.

2. Surgical Technique:

The procedure will be performed using techniques tailored to your needs.
Expect meticulous attention to detail and customization.

3. Safety and Documentation:

Continuous monitoring of vital signs for your safety.
Detailed documentation of all procedural steps and techniques.

After the Procedure

1. Immediate Care:

Spend time in the recovery room under medical supervision.
Monitor vital signs and manage immediate post-operative symptoms.

2. Recovery Guidelines:

Follow instructions for wound care and symptom management.
Understand and properly care for your surgical site.

3. Medication and Support:

Take prescribed medications as directed.
Ensure a support system for assistance and emotional support.

4. Follow-up Appointments and Assessments:

Attend follow-up appointments for monitoring and assessment.
Discuss any concerns and plan for any necessary adjustments.

5. Further Care and Final Outcome:

Follow additional treatment plans or therapy if recommended.
Be patient as swelling and bruising gradually diminish to reveal the final results.

Self-Care and Maintenance

1. Lifestyle and Long-term Care:

Maintain a healthy lifestyle to preserve the results.
Follow instructions for skincare, sun protection, and maintaining results.

2. Activity and Follow-Up:

Gradually resume activities as advised by your surgeon.
Maintain communication with your surgeon and attend long-term follow-up visits.

By following these steps, patients can ensure a smooth process and optimal results from their plastic surgery experience.

Benefits of Getting Plastic Surgery

Plastic surgery can enhance your natural features and boost your self-esteem. Here are some benefits you can expect to enjoy:

✔ Enhanced Appearance: Improvement in the desired aesthetic aspect, leading to greater self-confidence.

✔ Corrective Benefits: Addressing functional impairments or congenital disabilities.

✔ Psychological Well-being: Positive impact on mental health due to improved self-perception.

✔ Physical Health: Some procedures, like breast reduction, can alleviate physical discomfort and improve posture.

✔ Rejuvenation: Turning back the clock on ageing for a more youthful appearance.

✔ Symmetry: Correcting asymmetries and uneven features.

✔ Personal Satisfaction: Achieving personal goals for one’s body can lead to increased happiness and life satisfaction.

Am I a Good Candidate for Plastic Surgery?

Determining if you are a good candidate for plastic surgery is a nuanced process that involves several critical considerations. At Covette Clinic,, we believe that the ideal candidates are those who:

Understand the Realistic Outcomes: It’s essential that patients have a clear understanding of what plastic surgery can and cannot do. Unrealistic expectations can lead to dissatisfaction, hence a thorough consultation is vital to ensure that patients have a grounded perspective on the potential results.
Are in Good Health: Good candidates are typically those without serious health conditions that may impair healing or increase surgical risk. A comprehensive medical evaluation will be conducted to ensure you’re fit for the procedure you’re considering.
Have a Clear Understanding of the Recovery Process: Recovery times and processes vary by procedure. Patients should be prepared for the required downtime and the necessary steps to ensure a smooth and successful recovery.

Corvette Clinic will guide you in determining if plastic surgery is the right choice for you. When you’re ready, simply reach out to our friendly team!

Plastic Surgery for Men

1. Industry Statistics for Plastic Surgery for Men

Plastic surgery for men is witnessing a notable upward trend globally, in Asia, and in Singapore. As per the International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS), men accounted for 14.4 percent of all global cosmetic surgical procedures in 2017. This trend is fueled by increased awareness and acceptance, with platforms like social media playing a significant role in demystifying these procedures and making them more accessible to a broader audience. In Singapore, male plastic surgery is also gaining traction, reflecting a global movement where aesthetic enhancements are no longer just female-centric but an inclusive domain.

2. Male Celebrities Who Have Undergone Plastic Surgery

Several male celebrities have embraced plastic surgery, openly or through noticeable changes, including:

Simon Cowell: The music mogul has openly talked about his Botox treatments and other non-surgical procedures to maintain his appearance.
Kanye West: The rapper and fashion designer openly shared his experience with liposuction during an interview, discussing the pressures that led him to choose the procedure.
Mickey Rourke: The actor and former boxer has been open about his multiple cosmetic surgeries, including a facelift and nose job, particularly after injuries sustained during his boxing career.
Barry Manilow: The famous singer-songwriter has admitted to having facelifts to maintain his youthful appearance.

These celebrities reflect the growing acceptance of plastic surgery among men, showcasing that aesthetic enhancement is a choice open to everyone, regardless of gender.

3. A Message to Men Considering Plastic Surgery

If you’re a man considering plastic surgery, know that you’re not alone in your journey. The decision to enhance or alter your appearance is a personal one and should be made with careful consideration and professional guidance. At Covette Clinic, we respect and support your choices, offering a discreet, understanding environment where your needs and expectations are our top priority. We’re here to provide expert advice, answer your questions, and guide you through every step of the process, ensuring that you feel confident and informed about your decision. Remember, plastic surgery is a personal journey of enhancement and self-improvement, and it’s a path that many men around the world are confidently choosing to embark on.

Plastic Surgery vs Age: Priorities by Age Group

Plastic surgery offers a diverse array of options tailored to meet the needs and goals of individuals across the age spectrum. From the dynamic teen years to the golden years of retirement, each life stage presents unique considerations and desires for aesthetic enhancement or reconstruction. The table below illustrates the common procedures and primary considerations associated with each age group.

Age Group	Common Procedures	Primary Considerations
20s	Breast Augmentation, Liposuction, Skin Treatments	Prevention, establishing a baseline for future care
30s	Botox, Lip Fillers, Non-invasive Body Contouring	Early signs of ageing, maintaining a youthful appearance
40s	Eyelid Surgery, Facelift, Laser Resurfacing	Addressing visible ageing signs, skin rejuvenation
50s and 60s	Facelift, Brow Lift, Neck Lift, Fat Grafting	Comprehensive rejuvenation, combating significant ageing
70s and Up	Facelift Touch-Ups, Skin Tightening, Less Invasive Options	Safety, minimal recovery time, enhancing quality of life

Why is There a Minimum Age for Plastic Surgery?

The minimum age for elective plastic surgery being typically set at 18 years is primarily due to both physical and mental/emotional considerations:

Physical Maturity: By the age of 18, most individuals have reached or are nearing the end of their physical growth. Performing plastic surgery on a body that is still growing or changing can lead to unpredictable results and may necessitate further corrective procedures in the future. For certain surgeries, like rhinoplasty, it’s crucial that the facial bones have fully developed to ensure stable and lasting results.
Mental and Emotional Maturity: By adulthood, individuals are more likely to have a stable and mature outlook towards cosmetic surgery. The decision-making process involved in opting for surgery requires a level of maturity to understand the implications, risks, and the permanence of many surgical outcomes. Adults are presumed to be in a better position to give informed consent, having a more realistic expectation of the results and a stronger sense of their own identity.

However, exceptions are made, especially for reconstructive surgeries or conditions that might cause significant physical or emotional distress during the formative years. In such cases, the benefits of early intervention often outweigh the risks, and parental consent plays a pivotal role in the decision-making process.

Techniques Utilised in Plastic Surgery

Plastic surgery encompasses a wide array of techniques, each tailored to meet the unique needs of reconstruction or aesthetic enhancement. These methods are broadly categorised into primary and secondary techniques, reflecting their application and complexity.

Primary Techniques:

Skin Grafts: Transplantation of healthy skin from a non-affected area to a site where skin has been lost or damaged.
Skin Flap Surgery: Moving a section of tissue, along with its inherent blood supply, from one region of the body to another, typically remaining partially connected to its original site during repositioning.
Tissue Expansion: Leveraging the body’s natural ability to regenerate skin by stretching surrounding tissue to “grow” additional skin for reconstruction in adjacent areas.

Secondary Techniques:

Fat Transfer or Grafting: Harvesting fat from one part of the body and reinserting it into another, primarily to address asymmetry.
Vacuum Closure: Applying suction through sterile foam or gauze directly to a wound to extract fluid and promote the healing process.
Camouflage Makeup or Cream: Used to conceal scars or skin irregularities.
Prosthetic Devices: Utilising artificial limbs or other body parts to replace areas that have been lost or damaged.

Emerging Techniques

3D Imaging: This technology offers a virtual preview of potential post-surgery results, allowing for precise planning and improved patient-surgeon understanding of the desired outcomes. It enhances the accuracy of procedures and personalises surgical plans.
Laser Techniques: Advances in laser technology have broadened its use in plastic surgery, from reducing skin imperfections and scars to more intricate procedures. Lasers offer precision, reduced bleeding, and quicker recovery times, making them a preferred tool for both cosmetic and reconstructive surgeries.
Tissue Engineering: This innovative field involves growing tissues and organs in a lab setting, potentially revolutionising reconstructive surgery. By using a patient’s own cells, surgeons can create grafts for use in reconstruction, reducing the risk of rejection and the need for donor tissues.

When Might a Person Consider Consulting a Plastic Surgeon?

If you’re contemplating a procedure to enhance or correct certain physical aspects, consulting a plastic surgeon at Covette Clinic may be a suitable option. Such circumstances could include:

Treating scars resulting from accidents or acne
Addressing congenital defects or birthmarks
Correcting cleft lips
Reshaping ear and nose structures
Removing unwanted fat
Mitigating signs of ageing
Rectifying skeletal abnormalities
Repairing sun-damaged skin or addressing skin cancer

While some of these interventions could be minimally invasive, their impact in terms of reducing or rectifying visible scars or defects can significantly benefit those affected. These improvements can be vital for not just enhancing physical appearance but also for boosting overall well-being and confidence.

Plastic Surgery Risks

Plastic surgery, like any surgical intervention, carries inherent risks. These may include, but are not limited to:

Anaesthesia Risks: Complications can arise from both general and local anaesthesia.
Infection: Despite the sterile environment, infections are a possible risk post-surgery.
Unsatisfactory Results: There’s always a possibility that the outcome may not meet the expectations of the patient.
Bleeding: As with any surgery, there is a risk of bleeding, which can lead to other complications.

At Covette Clinic, our team of experts takes every precaution to ensure your safety.

Plastic Surgery Complications

While our surgeons employ techniques designed to reduce the risk of complications, it’s important to acknowledge that complications can occur. These might include:

Scarring: Although scars are a normal outcome of surgery, their severity can vary.
Blood Clots: Particularly in larger surgeries or for patients with certain health risks, blood clots can be a concern.
Delayed Healing: Some individuals may experience slower healing due to various factors, including pre-existing health conditions or smoking.

Our team is committed to providing immediate and effective care should any complications arise.

Ethical Considerations in Plastic Surgery

At Covette Clinic, we uphold the highest ethical standards, ensuring that every patient’s well-being is at the forefront of our practice. We believe in making informed, responsible decisions when it comes to cosmetic and reconstructive procedures.

1. Informed Consent:

Focus: Ensuring patients fully understand the procedure, risks, benefits, and alternatives. We provide comprehensive information, allowing patients to make educated decisions about their treatment.

2. Realistic Expectations:

Focus: We discuss anticipated outcomes to ensure that patients have realistic expectations. Our goal is for patients to feel satisfied and confident in their decision, avoiding any misconceptions about the surgery’s results.

3. Psychological Well-being:

Focus: Recognizing the psychological impact of plastic surgery, we assess the patient’s mental health and motivations, ensuring the decision is made from a place of self-confidence and not as a response to external pressures or temporary emotional states.

BDD (Body Dysmorphic Disorder):

Focus: BDD is a condition where individuals obsess over perceived flaws in their appearance. We are vigilant in identifying signs of BDD and provide appropriate counselling or referrals. It’s essential that decisions for cosmetic changes are driven by healthy self-perception. If BDD is suspected, we prioritise psychological well-being and may recommend professional support over surgery.

Our commitment extends beyond the procedure itself. We are dedicated to ensuring that your journey with us is not just about enhancing your appearance but also about nurturing your overall well-being.

Plastic Surgery Cost in Singapore

The cost of plastic surgery in Singapore varies based on the procedure, the complexity of the case, and the level of aftercare required. Here’s a rough estimate of the costs for common procedures:

Procedure	Estimated Cost Range (SGD)
Double Eyelid Surgery	$3,000 - $4,500
Liposuction	$5,000 - $10,000
Rhinoplasty (Nose Reshaping)	$6,000 - $15,000
Breast Augmentation	$8,000 - $15,000
Facelift	$10,000 - $25,000
Tummy Tuck (Abdominoplasty)	$8,000 - $15,000
Breast Reduction	$8,000 - $15,000
Eyelid Surgery (Blepharoplasty)	$4,000 - $8,000
Breast Lift	$8,000 - $15,000
Ear Surgery (Otoplasty)	$5,000 - $10,000

*Please note: These prices are indicative and may vary from patient to patient. A detailed quote will be provided after a thorough consultation.

Are There Subsidies for Plastic Surgery in Singapore?

Subsidies for plastic surgery in Singapore are typically reserved for procedures deemed medically necessary, such as reconstructive surgeries after an accident or for congenital defects. Cosmetic procedures are generally not covered by Medisave or CHAS. At Covette Clinic, we can help navigate any possible financial support avenues for qualifying surgeries.

Why Should I Choose Covette Clinic for Plastic Surgery?

At Covette Clinic, we combine a patient-first approach with the latest in surgical innovation. Our comprehensive set of facilities and commitment to aftercare set us apart, ensuring that your journey with us is smooth, safe, and satisfying.

Our Surgeon at Covette Clinic

Dr. Gavin Kang

Consultant Plastic Surgeon, Medical Director

Areas of Expertise: Dr. Gavin Kang specialises in both cosmetic and reconstructive plastic surgery, with a focus on facial and body cosmetic procedures. His expertise includes eyelid surgeries, nose refinement, breast surgeries (augmentation, lift, reduction, reconstruction), liposuction, body lifts, fat grafting, facelifts, facial contouring, ear surgery, and non-invasive treatments like Botox, fillers, and laser therapies.

Core Experiences: He began practising plastic surgery in 2005 and is fellowship-trained in craniofacial cosmetic and reconstructive plastic surgery at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan. He also received training in cosmetic plastic surgery in Korea and the USA.

For more details on the surgeon, please visit our About Us page.

Plastic Surgery: Before and After Photos

We’d love to show off our clients’ fabulous plastic surgery glow-ups, but MOH regulations apply. As an alternative, drop by our clinic and we’ll show them to you in person!

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Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the Difference Between Cosmetic Surgery and Plastic Surgery?

Cosmetic surgery is focused solely on enhancing appearance through surgical and medical techniques. Plastic surgery is broader, encompassing both cosmetic and reconstructive surgery aimed at repairing defects to reconstruct a normal function and appearance.

2. How Common is Plastic Surgery?

Plastic surgery is common, and becoming even more common by the year. The latest ISAPS Global Survey reveals a significant 11.2% rise in both surgical and non-surgical procedures in 2022. This trend reflects a 41.3% surge over the last four years, indicating a growing acceptance and demand for aesthetic enhancements globally.

3. What is the Most Common Plastic Surgery?

The most common plastic surgery procedures include breast augmentation, liposuction, nose reshaping, eye plastic surgery (eyelid surgery), and facelifts.

4. Will Plastic Surgery Hurt?

Usually, the more complex the plastic surgery, the more discomfort you might feel while recovering. For example, the pain after a tummy tuck might resemble the prolonged soreness from an intense workout, while recovery from eyelid surgery might feel similar to healing from a minor injury. However, pain experiences can differ widely, and surgeons will customise pain management plans to suit each patient’s procedure and personal tolerance.

5. What’s the Minimum Age For Plastic Surgery?

The minimum age for elective plastic surgery is typically 18, but exceptions can be made for reconstructive purposes or with parental consent for minors.

6. Can Plastic Surgery Ruin Your Face or Body?

Yes, but the chances are very low. While plastic surgery carries inherent risks, choosing a qualified and experienced surgeon, like those affiliated with reputable institutions such as Covette Clinic, significantly minimises the chances of unsatisfactory results. Thorough consultations and realistic expectations are key to ensuring the best outcomes and reducing the likelihood of plastic surgery adversely affecting your face or body.

7. What is the Safest Plastic Surgery?

The safest forms of plastic surgery are typically minimally invasive treatments like botox injections or dermal fillers. They carry fewer risks than more extensive surgical procedures. Additionally, these treatments have high success rates, with many patients experiencing satisfactory results and minimal complications. However, it’s important to consult with a qualified healthcare provider to ensure safety and effectiveness tailored to your individual needs.

8. Who Should Not Have Plastic Surgery?

Individuals with serious health conditions, unrealistic expectations, or those not willing to follow the pre and post-operative care instructions may not be suitable candidates for plastic surgery.

9. If I Don’t Like My Look After Plastic Surgery, Can its Effects be Undone?

If you’re not satisfied with the results of your plastic surgery, some effects can potentially be revised or improved through additional procedures. For example, the effects of dermal fillers can be reversed or fade over time, and certain types can be dissolved quickly with an enzyme injection. However, more permanent procedures like rhinoplasty (nose job) are less reversible, and while further surgery can modify the results, it’s generally more complex and carries additional risks.

10. Can a Family Member or Friend be With Me During the Procedure?

No. Plastic surgery clinics often permit a friend or family member to be present during initial consultations and pre-operative preparations, offering support before the procedure. However, operating rooms are restricted to medical staff only to maintain sterility and safety. Post-surgery, companions are typically allowed to join patients in the recovery area, adhering to the specific visitation policies of the facility. It’s advisable to confirm these guidelines with your surgeon or clinic beforehand to plan accordingly.

11. How Long Does it Take to Recover from Plastic Surgery?

Recovery time varies by procedure, from a few days for minor procedures to several months for more extensive surgeries. Your surgeon will provide a personalised recovery plan: follow it and you’ll be all set.

12. After Plastic Surgery, When Can I Eat and Drink Again?

Depending on the procedure, you may be able to eat and drink as soon as the anaesthesia wears off. However, some surgeries may require a period of fasting or dietary restrictions post-operation.

13. When Should I Contact my Doctor?

Severe Pain: Contact if pain worsens or isn’t controlled by medications.
Signs of Infection: Notify if you see redness, swelling, or discharge.
Unexpected Symptoms: Reach out if new, unexplained symptoms arise.
Urgent Concerns: Contact for any pressing issues or questions.

Medical References

Al-Benna, S., Bruce-Chwatt, A. J., & Gohritz, A. (2020). The origins of modern plastic surgery. Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, 73(11), 2086–2102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2020.08.095

Atiyeh, B. S., Rubeiz, M. T., & Hayek, S. N. (2008). Aesthetic/Cosmetic surgery and ethical challenges. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, 32(6), 829–839. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-008-9246-3

Matera, C., Nerini, A., & Stefanile, C. (2018). Why are men interested in cosmetic surgery procedures? Examining the role of different forms of peer influence, social comparison, internalization, and body dissatisfaction. Body Image, 26, 74–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.06.003

Sobanko, J. F., Dai, J., Gelfand, J. M., Sarwer, D. B., & Percec, I. (2018). Prospective cohort study investigating changes in body image, quality of life, and Self-Esteem following minimally invasive cosmetic procedures. Dermatologic Surgery, 44(8), 1121–1128. https://doi.org/10.1097/dss.0000000000001523